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Vidarbha orange belt

Katol and Kalmeshwar: two orange talukas west of Nagpur.

Katol's normal rainfall is 973 mm and Kalmeshwar's 985.4 mm, on black cotton soils. Citrus covered about 6,045 hectares in Katol block in 2014-15 and orange about 4,141 hectares in Kalmeshwar block in 2019. The field VarshaKrishi publishes as open data is near Katol.

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Map of the Vidarbha districts: Katol and Kalmeshwar The 11 districts of Vidarbha in eastern Maharashtra are highlighted; Nagpur district is darkest and a pin marks Katol in the Nagpur orange belt. District boundaries from geoBoundaries (ODbL), source lgdirectory.gov.in. VIDARBHA Mumbai Pune Nagpur Katol Kalmeshwar
District boundaries: geoBoundaries (ODbL), from lgdirectory.gov.in.

Facts, with their sources

Each fact names the public document it comes from and the year of its data. Where two official sources disagree, both are shown.

Rain in Katol in an average year

Katol gets about 1168 mm of rain in an average year, 1027 mm of it from June to September.

Average rainfall in Katol by month, 1991 to 2020 (mm) Jan 16.9 mm, Feb 13.0 mm, Mar 19.7 mm, Apr 8.0 mm, May 17.6 mm, Jun 184.1 mm, Jul 346.5 mm, Aug 325.9 mm, Sep 170.9 mm, Oct 46.6 mm, Nov 13.8 mm, Dec 5.4 mm. 400 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May 184 Jun 346 Jul 326 Aug 171 Sep Oct Nov Dec
Average of the 30 years 1991 to 2020. Darker bars: the June to September monsoon.

For comparison, the official normal in the Central Ground Water Board's report is 973 mm a year. Source: Central Ground Water Board, Nagpur District aquifer report, Katol block · 2021

Source: CHIRPS v2.0 rainfall (Climate Hazards Center, UC Santa Barbara; Funk et al. 2015), averaged over the area by VarshaKrishi. It is a satellite-and-rain-gauge estimate, so it differs from official normals, which use other years and stations.

How green Katol's fields were, October 2025 to September 2026

Katol's cropland was greenest in Sep 2026 (NDVI 0.71) and barest in Jun 2026 (NDVI 0.15).

Monthly greenness (NDVI) of the cropland in Katol, October 2025 to September 2026 Oct 2025: 0.65; Nov 2025: 0.63; Dec 2025: 0.51; Jan 2026: 0.45; Feb 2026: 0.35; Mar 2026: 0.27; Apr 2026: 0.21; May 2026: 0.19; Jun 2026: 0.15; Jul 2026: 0.41; Aug 2026: no clear view; Sep 2026: 0.71. 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.9 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul × Aug Sep
Median NDVI of the cropland each month, from 52 clear Sentinel-2 dates. × = no clear view that month (monsoon cloud). Cropland as mapped by ESA WorldCover 2021: about 561 km².
The monthly numbers
MonthGreenness (NDVI)Clear dates
Oct 20250.655
Nov 20250.635
Dec 20250.515
Jan 20260.455
Feb 20260.355
Mar 20260.275
Apr 20260.215
May 20260.195
Jun 20260.155
Jul 20260.412
Aug 2026no clear view0
Sep 20260.715

Source: contains modified Copernicus Sentinel-2 data 2025-2026 (via the Microsoft Planetary Computer), processed by VarshaKrishi; cropland mask: ESA WorldCover 2021. NDVI runs from about 0.1 for bare soil to about 0.8 for a dense green crop. Orchards mapped as tree cover are not in this curve. How it is computed · Download the data (CSV)

Rain in Kalmeshwar in an average year

Kalmeshwar gets about 1169 mm of rain in an average year, 1027 mm of it from June to September.

Average rainfall in Kalmeshwar by month, 1991 to 2020 (mm) Jan 14.7 mm, Feb 12.6 mm, Mar 21.0 mm, Apr 8.2 mm, May 18.6 mm, Jun 185.6 mm, Jul 350.3 mm, Aug 318.2 mm, Sep 172.9 mm, Oct 48.1 mm, Nov 11.9 mm, Dec 6.4 mm. 400 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May 186 Jun 350 Jul 318 Aug 173 Sep Oct Nov Dec
Average of the 30 years 1991 to 2020. Darker bars: the June to September monsoon.

For comparison, the official normal in the Central Ground Water Board's report is 985.4 mm a year. Source: Central Ground Water Board, Nagpur District aquifer report, Kalmeshwar block · 2021

Source: CHIRPS v2.0 rainfall (Climate Hazards Center, UC Santa Barbara; Funk et al. 2015), averaged over the area by VarshaKrishi. It is a satellite-and-rain-gauge estimate, so it differs from official normals, which use other years and stations.

How green Kalmeshwar's fields were, October 2025 to September 2026

Kalmeshwar's cropland was greenest in Oct 2025 (NDVI 0.73) and barest in Jun 2026 (NDVI 0.17).

Monthly greenness (NDVI) of the cropland in Kalmeshwar, October 2025 to September 2026 Oct 2025: 0.73; Nov 2025: 0.71; Dec 2025: 0.59; Jan 2026: 0.53; Feb 2026: 0.43; Mar 2026: 0.35; Apr 2026: 0.27; May 2026: 0.19; Jun 2026: 0.17; Jul 2026: 0.29; Aug 2026: 0.53; Sep 2026: 0.73. 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.9 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep
Median NDVI of the cropland each month, from 52 clear Sentinel-2 dates. × = no clear view that month (monsoon cloud). Cropland as mapped by ESA WorldCover 2021: about 387 km².
The monthly numbers
MonthGreenness (NDVI)Clear dates
Oct 20250.735
Nov 20250.715
Dec 20250.595
Jan 20260.535
Feb 20260.435
Mar 20260.355
Apr 20260.275
May 20260.195
Jun 20260.175
Jul 20260.291
Aug 20260.531
Sep 20260.735

Source: contains modified Copernicus Sentinel-2 data 2025-2026 (via the Microsoft Planetary Computer), processed by VarshaKrishi; cropland mask: ESA WorldCover 2021. NDVI runs from about 0.1 for bare soil to about 0.8 for a dense green crop. Orchards mapped as tree cover are not in this curve. How it is computed · Download the data (CSV)

What the satellite sees here

The satellite record VarshaKrishi has published is for one field near Katol, Nagpur district. The same satellites pass over every field in Vidarbha.

VarshaKrishi's open data follows one 3.2-acre field near Katol through every Sentinel-2 pass for a year: 91 passes, 56 of them clear. Its greenness (NDVI) was 0.53 in the winter image of 26 December 2025, when many orchards here are kept dry before the ambia bahar, and 0.74 after the monsoon on 12 October 2026. Who owns the field is not known or named, and its exact boundary is withheld.

These pages describe the place and what the satellite sees. They give no fertiliser, pesticide or irrigation amounts, and neither does the free Watch message. Ask your KVK for doses.

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Other parts of the belt

Districts

Orange talukas

Guides for the orange orchard, and what to check and when for cotton, soybean, tur and chana; fertiliser questions for your KVK

Last checked (AI-assisted): 18 Oct 2026. Facts checked against the sources listed on 18 Oct 2026 with AI assistance; not yet reviewed by an agronomist or local experts.