Citation Registry

Answer

The VarshaKrishi Citation Registry lists every agronomic standard, satellite data source and methodology referenced across the platform, FAO-56 Penman-Monteith evapotranspiration, TOMCAST disease severity values, IPCC Tier 1 carbon methods, Sentinel-2 via CDSE and NASA HLS. Use it to verify that every advisory claim has a citable source.

Reference · July 18, 2026

VarshaKrishi advisories cite published agronomy and remote sensing standards, not proprietary black boxes. This registry lists every primary reference, with a short explanation of how we use it.

FAO-56. Crop Evapotranspiration (Hargreaves-Samani)

Reference: Allen, R.G., Pereira, L.S., Raes, D., Smith, M. (1998). Crop evapotranspiration, Guidelines for computing crop water requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56.

How we use it: Evapotranspiration is the basis of our irrigation-timing advisories, within the bounds the standard permits.

External link: FAO IDP 56 (official PDF)

TOMCAST, Disease Severity Value (DSV)

Reference: Pitblado, R.E. (1992). TOM-CAST: A semi-automated system for forecasting early and late blight on tomatoes. Proceedings of the National Workshop on Integrated Pest Management for Tomato and Eggplant, Disease and Insect Forecast. Ohio State University OARDC.

How we use it: Temperature and leaf-wetness signals inform our vegetable disease-risk advisories.

External link: Ohio State TOMCAST programme

IPCC Tier 1. Emission Factors

Reference: IPCC (2019). 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use.

How we use it: Default emission factors and activity data structures for agricultural carbon MRV evidence packages in VarshaKrishi Verify (early access).

External link: IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme

Sentinel-2. Surface Reflectance

Reference: European Space Agency (ESA). Sentinel-2 Mission, MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) Level-2A surface reflectance products. Copernicus Open Access Hub.

How we use it: Surface reflectance is the source for our per-field vegetation and water indices.

External link: ESA Sentinel-2 mission page · Copernicus Data Space

NASA HLS. Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2

Reference: Claverie, M. et al. (2018). The Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 surface reflectance data set. Remote Sensing of Environment, 219, 145–161.

How we use it: Gap-filled, harmonised 30 m surface reflectance time series when Sentinel-2 alone has cloud gaps, improving temporal continuity for crop monitoring.

External link: NASA HLS product page · DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2018.09.015

Vegetation & Water Indices

NDVI. Rouse et al. (1974), monitoring vegetation systems in the Great Plains. USGS Professional Paper 700.

NDRE. Gitelson & Merzlyak (1994), spectral reflectance changes associated with autumn senescence. Journal of Plant Physiology, 143(3), 286–292.

EVI. Huete et al. (2002), overview of the radiometric and biophysical performance of MODIS vegetation indices. Remote Sensing of Environment, 83(1), 195–213. DOI.

NDWI. McFeeters (1996), using the Normalized Difference Water Index within a wetland environment. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 17(7), 1425–1430. DOI.